1. Past perfect Tense

Past Perfect tense to explain events that occured before an event or other event in the past.

FORM:

(+)S+had+ V3

ex: I had gone to Bali before i went to Jogja last year.

(-)S+had+V3

                        Ex: I had gone to Bali before i went to Jogja last year.

(?)Had+S+V3

                        Ex: had I gone to Bali before i went to Jogja last year?

2 Past Perfect Progressive Tense

The Past Perfect Progressive indicates a continuous action that was completed at some point in the past.

This tense is formed with the modal "HAD" plus "BEEN," plus the present participle of the verb (with an -ing ending):

Example :"I had been working in the garden all morning.

    Joe  had been painting his house for weeks, but he finally gave up."

Singular	Plural
I had been walking	we had been walking
you had been walking	you had been walking
he/she/it had been walking	they had been walking

	Past Perfect	Past perfect Progressive
form	Had + p.p (use a simple past verb in the dependent clause)	Had  + been +-ing verb (use a simple past verb in the dependent clause)
use	The first past action finishes before the second past action.	The first past action countinous until the second past action.
Time Markers	·         By the time ·         When ·         Before ·         After (note: The typical past markers Last, Yesterday, and Ago are often additionally used.)	·         By the time ·         When ·         Before (note: The typical progressive markers For and Since are often additionally used.)
Examples	·         I had finished dinner by the time he called me last night. ·         My friend had texted me five times before i answered. ·         By the this time she got home, someone had fixed the door. ·         When you asked me out yesterday, i had already made plans.	·         My sister had been studying English for 11 years before she entered university. ·         We had been waiting for hours by the time she arrived. ·         When he called me at midnight, had been sleeping since 8 p.m.

 Adaptep from : ESL-LIBRARY.COM

Exercise :

Use the simple past or the present perfect. In some sentences, either tense is possible but the meaning is different.

1.   1 .  I (attend, not) haven’t attended any parties since i came here.

2.    2  Al (go)______________ to aparty at Sally apertment last Saturday night.

3.      Bill (arrive)_______________ here three days ago.

4.      Bill (be) __________________ here since the 22nd.

5.      So far this week, I (have)_____________ two test and quiz.